The Urmia Lake shrinkage is the most noticeable symbol of the water and water management crisis in Iran. In order to cope with this crisis at the highest national level with the membership of all governmental actors, the Urmia Lake Restoration National Committee (ULRNC) has been formed and they have ratified a roadmap for the Lake restoration. The implementation of this road map and the restoration process requires extensive changes in the previous procedures and adaptation to the new conditions. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the capacity of ULRNC for implementing these changes and adapting with new climate. In the modern literature of water resource management, the ability to change internally is called adaptive capacity. This paper seeks to measure the adaptive capacity of the ULRNC, and for this aim, it uses the Adaption Capacity Wheel model. This model has 6 dimensions and 22 criteria. It measures the capability of change and the capacity of adaption in formal and informal water institutions. The results of this paper indicate the low capacity of this institution to change current procedures and adapt to new conditions.

Distance-based clustering methods categorize samples by optimizing a global criterion, finding ellipsoid clusters with roughly equal sizes. In contrast, density-based clustering techniques form clusters with arbitrary shapes and sizes by optimizing a local criterion. Most of these methods have several hyper-parameters, and their performance is highly dependent on the hyper-parameter setup. Recently, a Gaussian Density Distance (GDD) approach was proposed to optimize local criteria in terms of distance and density properties of samples. GDD can find clusters with different shapes and sizes without any free parameters. However, it may fail to discover the appropriate clusters due to the interfering of clustered samples in estimating the density and distance properties of remaining unclustered samples. Here, we introduce Adaptive GDD (AGDD), which eliminates the inappropriate effect of clustered samples by adaptively updating the parameters during clustering. It is stable and can identify clusters with various shapes, sizes, and densities without adding extra parameters. The distance metrics calculating the dissimilarity between samples can affect the clustering performance. The effect of different distance measurements is also analyzed on the method. The experimental results conducted on several well-known datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed AGDD method compared to the other well-known clustering methods.

A multi-layer controller of direct yaw moment for electric vehicles is developed in this study. In the upper layer, the yaw moment are obtained using Adaptive Sliding Mode Control (ASMC) with adaptation gain to track the desired vehicle yaw rate. The corrective yaw moments are applied by four in-wheel electric motors. The lower layer controller consists of a torque distribution algorithm and inwheel motor torque controllers as well. The proposed torque distribution algorithm is intended to distribute the reference torques of each in-wheel motor controller appropriately based on both total longitudinal force and corrective yaw moment. To elucidate the effectiveness and robustness of the above control method, the simulation under various manoeuvres was carried out. A 7-DOF non-linear vehicle model is used for simulations and their results signify that the proposed control algorithm accomplishes a proper distribution of longitudinal force among four individual wheels, in turn, enhancing the yaw stability of the vehicle.

In this paper, passive adaptive modified sliding-mode-based fault tolerant control is designed to track the desired attitude of a satellite with four reaction wheels in the presence of external disturbances, system uncertainties, and actuator fault. In order to achieve this goal, the adaptive modified fast terminal SMC has been used, due to its robustness against the unmodeled uncertainties and the design of control method for the nonlinear model of system. To improve the performance of the controller, the sliding surface is selected in a way that the tracking error converges in a finite time to a small neighborhood of the origin, which is proved using the extended Lyapunov law, and avoids the singularity of the control law. The adverse effects caused by the uncertainties are reduced using an adaptive parameter in the reaching phase of the control law. This reduces the tracking error and as a result, the performance of the closed loop system is improved. Also, the adaptive parameter and sliding surface are applied as a coefficient of the reaching phase to eliminate the chattering phenomenon. The simulation results indicate the high precision attitude tracking, chattering-free, and the improved performance of closed-loop system.

Introduction: In this era, universities and higher education institutions need to increase their adaptability to face new realities. The purpose of this article was to Survey on the organizational adaptive capacity rate of Fars medical Universities. Methods: In this study the method was descriptive-survey. The statistical population of this research was all the faculty members of the Fars medical Universities. The samples consist of 152 faculty members who were selected through stratified sampling. In order to gather the data, a researcher made questionnaire in the form of Lykert's 5 rate of fars public Universities in all degree scale with a reliability of 0. 863 is used. Results: The findings of this research indicated that the mean scores of the subjects about the organizational adaptive dimensions (Responsiveness capacity, fl exibility capacity, organizational Learning capacity, partnership capacity, Resources) were moderate. Conclusion: In summary, the root of adaptability less than the average of universities can be found in low responsiveness capacity, low organizational learning capacity, low interaction capacity, lack of resources to face change, and organizational flexibility.

Water resources systems are facing with changes in terms of natural and socio-economic aspects. As a result, water resources management should be prepared for the future possibilities, rather than relying on the predicting of probabilities. Hence, the management approach should tend towards the mechanisms which can promote understanding and adapting to changes. That school of thoughts which is based on versatility with changes is known as adaptive management. From this perspective, adaptation to change is a priority for the adaptive management. One of the main features of an adaptive structure, is its capacity to adapt to change. Thus, this study aims to assess the adaptive capacity of the local organizations in Tashk– Bkhtgan Basin versus water scarcity. The adopted methodology is based on the Adaptive Capacity Wheel. The required data were gathered using questionnaires and structured interviews. The results show that a relatively negative adaptive capacity within the local organizations. That means there are gaps among the local organizations to deal with the negative effects of new conditions that need to be repaired.

In this paper, an adaptive controller based on decentralized minimal control synthesis is designed n order to control an attitude of specific remote sensing satellite. The main design purposes are performing spinning, three axis and large angle maneuver as well as achieving a stable system and tracking the reference attitude trajectory in the presence of uncertainties. In the design process, the effects of internal and external disturbances, nonlinearities in the satellite dynamic and the accurate model of actuators are regarded. Four reaction wheels with pyramidal structure are modeled as the actuators to accomplish an attitude maneuver. So the exact reaction wheels’ model with regarding the maximum voltage, current, allowable angular velocities and power of wheels is developed. The simulation results show an acceptable performance of controller in the presence of exacts actuators’ model, external and internal disturbances and uncertainties in the satellite parameters.

The purpose of this study was to assess the adaptive capacity of farmers towards dust. The population in this study comprised of wheat farmers (N = 2105) in which 330 wheat farmers from Markazi and Moosian townships were selected using stratified proportionate cluster sampling techniques. First, to assess farmers' adaptive capacity towards dust was used as indicators of adaptive capacity. Using AHP techniques, 15 experts weighted the indicators through 2*2 matrices and Expert Choice Software was utilized as tool for further analysis. Composite indicators were then developed for further assessments. Fuzzy logic and MATLAB Software was used to determine the adaptive capacity of wheat farmers. Result revealed that wheat farmers of Dasht Abas Rural district with the adaptive capacity rate of 0. 605 had the highest adaptive capacity and Nahr anbar rural district with rate of 0. 508 and Anaran Rural district with rate of 0. 563 were placed in the second and third places. The implication of this study aids policy-makers in Dehloran Township to allocated resources based on farmers’ vulnerability level. Furthermore, the result of this study helps policy-makers to plan for enhancement of farmers' adaptive capacities and thus lowering their vulnerability towards dust.

The lack of Quranic approaches in the production of Quran-based humanities is still felt, despite the predominance of the philosophical approach in critical approaches to modern humanities, which has become very common in the Islamic world and in Iran for several decades. It seems that the capacity of the method of thematic exegesis (al-Tafsīr al-mawdū'ī, Arabic: التفسیر الموضوعیّ) in this regard, can be used to bring the Holy Quran into the field of humanities. Thematic exegesis, according to whether its subject is inside or outside the Qur'an, has several functions in criticizing the structure of modern knowledge and scientific research, as well as the production of Islamic humanities. It is possible to make use of thematic exegesis of the inside of the Holy Book of Quran in order to “fundamental criticism” of the general fundamentals of humanities -the fundamentals of epistemology, axiology, ontology and anthropology- and it is also possible to use thematic exegesis for constructing and producing foundation of humanities obtained from the Holy Quran. It is used by thematic interpretation exegesis of the outside of the Holy Book of Quran -such as Shahīd (martyr) Sadr’s interrogational approach- to answer the problems of humanities and this process faces challenges such as the complexity and multiplicity of the “subject” of the humanities that exist in modern terminology of this field. It can be used in order to solve this issue in some cases to know the process of the change of the components of the modern of the conceptual history’s approach and also by analyzing the issue into several components can be shown that the components are not necessarily a product of the modern era and can be followed up in the Holy Quran and can be found up in the Holy Quran. The perspective of the Holy Quran, after that, regarding the modern subject in the desired field by the “combining” of the results obtained based on the thematic interpretation.